在能源利用的復(fù)雜版圖中，焦化行業(yè)長期面臨著如何高效處理生產(chǎn)過程中產(chǎn)生的大量副產(chǎn)煤氣的難題。焦化發(fā)電機組的出現(xiàn)，宛如一把鑰匙，開啟了焦化企業(yè)能源綜合利用的新大門，為行業(yè)帶來了顯著的經(jīng)濟效益與環(huán)境效益。?

In the complex landscape of energy utilization, the coking industry has long faced the challenge of how to efficiently handle the large amount of by-product gas generated during the production process. The emergence of coking power generation units is like a key, opening a new door for comprehensive energy utilization in coking enterprises and bringing significant economic and environmental benefits to the industry. ?

工作原理：能量轉(zhuǎn)化的精密運作?

Working principle: Precise operation of energy conversion

焦化發(fā)電機組的核心工作基于內(nèi)燃機原理，將焦化過程中產(chǎn)生的煤氣作為燃料，實現(xiàn)從化學(xué)能到電能的轉(zhuǎn)換。在焦化生產(chǎn)中，煤炭經(jīng)過高溫干餾，產(chǎn)生大量的煤氣，其主要成分包含氫氣、甲烷、一氧化碳等可燃氣體。這些煤氣被收集并輸送至發(fā)電機組的內(nèi)燃機系統(tǒng)。?

The core work of coking power generation units is based on the principle of internal combustion engines, which use the gas generated during the coking process as fuel to achieve the conversion from chemical energy to electrical energy. In coking production, coal undergoes high-temperature carbonization to produce a large amount of gas, whose main components include hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and other combustible gases. These gases are collected and transported to the internal combustion engine system of the generator set. ?

在內(nèi)燃機的燃燒室內(nèi)，煤氣與適量的空氣充分混合。當(dāng)混合氣體被壓縮到一定程度后，火花塞點火引發(fā)劇烈燃燒。燃燒釋放出的巨大能量推動活塞往復(fù)運動，通過連桿帶動曲軸旋轉(zhuǎn)，從而將煤氣的化學(xué)能轉(zhuǎn)化為機械能。曲軸的持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)動進而驅(qū)動發(fā)電機運轉(zhuǎn)，發(fā)電機內(nèi)部的電磁感應(yīng)裝置在旋轉(zhuǎn)過程中產(chǎn)生電流，實現(xiàn)了從機械能到電能的高效轉(zhuǎn)換。?

In the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, gas is thoroughly mixed with an appropriate amount of air. When the mixed gas is compressed to a certain extent, the spark plug ignites and triggers intense combustion. The enormous energy released by combustion drives the piston to reciprocate, and through the connecting rod, drives the crankshaft to rotate, thereby converting the chemical energy of coal gas into mechanical energy. The continuous rotation of the crankshaft drives the operation of the generator, and the electromagnetic induction device inside the generator generates current during the rotation process, achieving efficient conversion from mechanical energy to electrical energy. ?

為了確保燃燒過程的高效與穩(wěn)定，焦化發(fā)電機組配備了先進的控制系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)實時監(jiān)測煤氣的流量、壓力、成分以及內(nèi)燃機的運行參數(shù)，如溫度、轉(zhuǎn)速等。通過對這些數(shù)據(jù)的精確分析，控制系統(tǒng)能夠自動調(diào)節(jié)煤氣與空氣的混合比例、點火時機等關(guān)鍵參數(shù)，使內(nèi)燃機始終保持在最佳工作狀態(tài)，提高能源轉(zhuǎn)換效率。?

In order to ensure the efficiency and stability of the combustion process, the coking generator unit is equipped with an advanced control system. The system monitors the flow rate, pressure, composition of gas in real-time, as well as the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, such as temperature, speed, etc. Through precise analysis of these data, the control system can automatically adjust key parameters such as the mixing ratio of gas and air, ignition timing, etc., to keep the internal combustion engine in the optimal working state and improve energy conversion efficiency. ?

設(shè)備構(gòu)成：協(xié)同工作的關(guān)鍵組件?

Equipment composition: key components for collaborative work

煤氣預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)?

Gas pretreatment system

煤氣預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)是焦化發(fā)電機組的重要前端環(huán)節(jié)。由于從焦化爐產(chǎn)生的煤氣中含有焦油、粉塵、硫化氫等雜質(zhì)，這些雜質(zhì)若直接進入發(fā)電機組，會對內(nèi)燃機造成嚴重損害，影響設(shè)備壽命和發(fā)電效率。因此，煤氣預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)通過一系列工藝，如冷凝、過濾、脫硫等，對煤氣進行凈化處理。?

The gas pretreatment system is an important front-end link of coking power generation units. Due to the presence of impurities such as tar, dust, and hydrogen sulfide in the gas produced from coking furnaces, if these impurities directly enter the generator set, they can cause serious damage to the internal combustion engine, affecting equipment life and power generation efficiency. Therefore, the gas pretreatment system purifies the gas through a series of processes such as condensation, filtration, desulfurization, etc. ?

在冷凝環(huán)節(jié)，利用冷卻裝置將煤氣溫度降低，使其中的焦油等重質(zhì)成分凝結(jié)成液態(tài)，通過分離器將其與煤氣分離。隨后，煤氣經(jīng)過多級過濾裝置，去除其中的粉塵顆粒，確保煤氣的清潔度。脫硫工藝則采用化學(xué)或物理方法，脫除煤氣中的硫化氫等含硫化合物，減少燃燒過程中二氧化硫等有害氣體的排放，既保護了設(shè)備，又符合環(huán)保要求。

In the condensation process, a cooling device is used to lower the temperature of the gas, causing heavy components such as tar to condense into liquid form, which is separated from the gas through a separator. Subsequently, the gas passes through a multi-stage filtration device to remove dust particles and ensure the cleanliness of the gas. The desulfurization process uses chemical or physical methods to remove sulfur-containing compounds such as hydrogen sulfide from coal gas, reducing the emission of harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide during combustion, which not only protects equipment but also meets environmental protection requirements.

內(nèi)燃機?

Internal combustion engine

內(nèi)燃機是焦化發(fā)電機組的核心動力源。針對煤氣的特性，內(nèi)燃機在設(shè)計上進行了專門優(yōu)化。其燃燒室結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)過精心設(shè)計，以確保煤氣與空氣能夠充分混合并實現(xiàn)高效燃燒。同時，內(nèi)燃機的活塞、連桿、曲軸等關(guān)鍵部件采用高強度、耐高溫材料制造，以承受燃燒過程中的高溫高壓沖擊，保證設(shè)備的長期穩(wěn)定運行。?

Internal combustion engine is the core power source of coking generator set. The internal combustion engine has been specially optimized in design based on the characteristics of gas. The combustion chamber structure is carefully designed to ensure that the gas and air can be fully mixed and achieve efficient combustion. At the same time, key components such as pistons, connecting rods, and crankshafts of internal combustion engines are made of high-strength and high-temperature resistant materials to withstand the high temperature and high pressure impacts during combustion, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment. ?

為了適應(yīng)不同工況下的發(fā)電需求，內(nèi)燃機還配備了先進的調(diào)速裝置。該裝置能夠根據(jù)發(fā)電機負載的變化，自動調(diào)節(jié)內(nèi)燃機的轉(zhuǎn)速，確保發(fā)電機輸出電壓和頻率的穩(wěn)定。此外，內(nèi)燃機的潤滑系統(tǒng)和冷卻系統(tǒng)也至關(guān)重要。潤滑系統(tǒng)為各運動部件提供充足的潤滑油，減少摩擦損耗；冷卻系統(tǒng)則通過循環(huán)冷卻液帶走燃燒產(chǎn)生的熱量，維持內(nèi)燃機的正常工作溫度。

In order to meet the power generation needs under different working conditions, internal combustion engines are also equipped with advanced speed control devices. This device can automatically adjust the speed of the internal combustion engine according to changes in the generator load, ensuring the stability of the generator output voltage and frequency. In addition, the lubrication and cooling systems of internal combustion engines are also crucial. The lubrication system provides sufficient lubricating oil for various moving parts, reducing friction losses; The cooling system uses circulating coolant to remove the heat generated by combustion and maintain the normal operating temperature of the internal combustion engine.

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