燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)轟鳴聲響徹大江南北，五個(gè)月內(nèi)超過20個(gè)燃?xì)獍l(fā)電項(xiàng)目密集投產(chǎn)，中國正在清潔能源調(diào)峰保供的路上加速奔跑。

　　The roar of gas turbines echoes across the country, with over 20 gas-fired power generation projects intensively put into operation within five months. China is accelerating on the road to clean energy peak shaving and supply guarantee.

　　七月以來，四川內(nèi)江白馬燃機(jī)項(xiàng)目1號(hào)機(jī)組首次并網(wǎng)，國能安吉梅溪2×9H級(jí)燃機(jī)新建工程項(xiàng)目1號(hào)機(jī)組首次并網(wǎng)一次成功，大唐重慶江津燃機(jī)項(xiàng)目2號(hào)機(jī)組首次點(diǎn)火一次成功。

　　Since July, Unit 1 of the Baima Gas Turbine Project in Neijiang, Sichuan has been connected to the grid for the first time, Unit 1 of the Guoneng Anji Meixi 2 × 9H Class Gas Turbine New Construction Project has been successfully connected to the grid for the first time, and Unit 2 of the Datang Chongqing Jiangjin Gas Turbine Project has been successfully ignited for the first time.

　　截至11月，全國有超過20個(gè)燃?xì)獍l(fā)電項(xiàng)目取得重大進(jìn)展，覆蓋四川、重慶、浙江、廣東、江蘇、湖南等多個(gè)省份。這些項(xiàng)目包括機(jī)組首次并網(wǎng)、點(diǎn)火成功、通過168小時(shí)滿負(fù)荷試運(yùn)行等關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)。

　　As of November, over 20 gas-fired power generation projects have made significant progress nationwide, covering multiple provinces such as Sichuan, Chongqing, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Hunan. These projects include key milestones such as the first grid connection of the unit, successful ignition, and passing the 168 hour full load trial operation.

　　燃?xì)獍l(fā)電建設(shè)正呈現(xiàn)大容量、高效率、多元化布局的特點(diǎn)。新投產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目普遍采用大型高效燃機(jī)，F(xiàn)級(jí)和H級(jí)燃機(jī)成為絕對(duì)主力。浙江安吉項(xiàng)目使用的9H機(jī)組單機(jī)容量高達(dá)84萬千瓦，而川投達(dá)州項(xiàng)目則采用了國內(nèi)最先進(jìn)的H級(jí)燃?xì)庹羝?lián)合循環(huán)發(fā)電機(jī)組。

　　The construction of gas-fired power generation is showing the characteristics of large capacity, high efficiency, and diversified layout. Newly launched projects generally use large and efficient gas turbines, with F-class and H-class gas turbines becoming the absolute mainstay. The 9H unit used in the Anji project in Zhejiang has a single capacity of up to 840000 kilowatts, while the Dazhou project of Chuantou adopts the most advanced H-class gas steam combined cycle generator set in China.

　　01 項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展與地域分布

　　01 Project Progress and Regional Distribution

　　2025年下半年以來，中國燃?xì)獍l(fā)電領(lǐng)域迎來一波項(xiàng)目建設(shè)與投產(chǎn)高峰。從7月至11月，全國有超過20個(gè)燃?xì)獍l(fā)電項(xiàng)目取得重大進(jìn)展。這些項(xiàng)目覆蓋四川、重慶、浙江、廣東、江蘇、湖南等多個(gè)省份，涵蓋了機(jī)組首次并網(wǎng)、點(diǎn)火成功、通過168小時(shí)滿負(fù)荷試運(yùn)行等關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)。重大里程碑事件包括：11月23日四川內(nèi)江白馬燃機(jī)項(xiàng)目1號(hào)機(jī)組首次并網(wǎng)；11月16日國能安吉梅溪2×9H級(jí)燃機(jī)新建工程項(xiàng)目1號(hào)機(jī)組首次并網(wǎng)一次成功；10月31日大唐重慶江津燃機(jī)項(xiàng)目2號(hào)機(jī)組首次點(diǎn)火一次成功。10月25日，川投燃電瀘州天然氣發(fā)電項(xiàng)目2號(hào)機(jī)組圓滿完成168小時(shí)試運(yùn)行，標(biāo)志著該項(xiàng)目全面建成投產(chǎn)。該項(xiàng)目采用目前國際上最先進(jìn)的2套700兆瓦等級(jí)燃?xì)猓羝?lián)合循環(huán)機(jī)組。在華東地區(qū)，浙江安吉電廠1號(hào)燃機(jī)順利完成點(diǎn)火作業(yè)，力爭年底前投產(chǎn)，為浙江電網(wǎng)迎峰度冬貢獻(xiàn)力量。龍?jiān)垂こ贪布獨(dú)怆婍?xiàng)目1號(hào)機(jī)組燃機(jī)也在10月23日首次點(diǎn)火成功。華南地區(qū)同樣表現(xiàn)活躍，廣東能源集團(tuán)旗下多個(gè)重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目加速推進(jìn)。廣東能源揭陽大南海天然氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目于9月17日完成廠用電受電一次成功，項(xiàng)目規(guī)劃建設(shè)2臺(tái)F級(jí)燃?xì)?蒸汽聯(lián)合循環(huán)機(jī)組。區(qū)域性差異十分明顯。中國燃?xì)獍l(fā)電的兩種主要應(yīng)用模式表現(xiàn)為：南方以調(diào)峰機(jī)組為主，北方以熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機(jī)組為主。廣東、浙江、上海等省市調(diào)峰氣電占比約70%~80%；北京、天津由于冬季供暖需求大，全部是熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機(jī)組。截至2024年底，長三角、珠三角和京津冀這些負(fù)荷中心省市的氣電裝機(jī)容量占全國比重約80%。廣東省作為中國天然氣利用大省，其天然氣發(fā)電機(jī)組占全國天然氣總裝機(jī)容量的四分之一。川渝地區(qū)成為新的燃?xì)獍l(fā)電增長極。2024年，四川的燃?xì)庋b機(jī)容量從最初的70萬KW增至288萬千瓦，預(yù)計(jì)到2025年底，四川在建和建成的氣電裝機(jī)容量將達(dá)1200萬千瓦以上。

　　Since the second half of 2025, China's gas-fired power generation sector has ushered in a wave of project construction and production peaks. From July to November, over 20 gas-fired power generation projects across the country made significant progress. These projects cover multiple provinces including Sichuan, Chongqing, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Hunan, covering key milestones such as the first grid connection of the unit, successful ignition, and passing the 168 hour full load trial operation. Major milestone events include: the first grid connection of Unit 1 of the Baima Gas Turbine Project in Neijiang, Sichuan on November 23; On November 16th, Unit 1 of the Guoneng Anji Meixi 2 × 9H class gas turbine new construction project was successfully connected to the grid for the first time; On October 31st, Unit 2 of the Datang Chongqing Jiangjin Gas Turbine Project successfully ignited for the first time. On October 25th, Unit 2 of Chuantou Randian Luzhou Natural Gas Power Generation Project successfully completed a 168 hour trial operation, marking the full completion and operation of the project. This project adopts two sets of 700 MW gas steam combined cycle units, which are currently the most advanced in the world. In the East China region, the No.1 gas turbine of Anji Power Plant in Zhejiang has successfully completed ignition operation, striving to be put into operation before the end of the year and contributing to the peak winter season of Zhejiang power grid. The gas turbine of Unit 1 of the Anji gas and electricity project of Longyuan Engineering also successfully ignited for the first time on October 23. The South China region is also active, with multiple key projects under Guangdong Energy Group accelerating their progress. The Guangdong Energy Jieyang Dananhai Natural Gas Cogeneration Project successfully completed the first power supply for the plant on September 17th. The project plans to construct two F-class gas steam combined cycle units. Regional differences are very obvious. The two main application modes of gas-fired power generation in China are: peak shaving units in the south and cogeneration units in the north. The proportion of peak shaving gas and electricity in provinces and cities such as Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Shanghai is about 70% to 80%; Due to the high demand for heating in winter, Beijing and Tianjin all rely on cogeneration units. By the end of 2024, the installed capacity of gas and electricity in load center provinces and cities such as the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Beijing Tianjin Hebei will account for about 80% of the national total. As a major natural gas utilization province in China, Guangdong Province's natural gas power generation units account for a quarter of the country's total installed natural gas capacity. The Sichuan Chongqing region has become a new growth pole for gas-fired power generation. In 2024, the gas installed capacity in Sichuan will increase from the initial 700000 kW to 2.88 million kW. It is expected that by the end of 2025, the gas and electricity installed capacity under construction and completed in Sichuan will reach over 12 million kW.

　　02 技術(shù)特征與效率提升

　　02 Technical features and efficiency improvement

　　2025年投產(chǎn)的燃?xì)獍l(fā)電項(xiàng)目顯示出技術(shù)升級(jí)的明顯趨勢。新投產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目普遍采用大型高效燃機(jī)，F(xiàn)級(jí)和H級(jí)燃機(jī)成為絕對(duì)主力。機(jī)組聯(lián)合循環(huán)效率顯著提高。H級(jí)機(jī)組聯(lián)合循環(huán)效率已超過64%，較早期燃機(jī)有大幅提升。川投瀘州天然氣發(fā)電項(xiàng)目采用世界先進(jìn)水平的9H級(jí)燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)，全年純凝工況下發(fā)電效率達(dá)63.7%。國產(chǎn)化水平提高是另一顯著特征。多個(gè)項(xiàng)目強(qiáng)調(diào)燃機(jī)國產(chǎn)化突破的重要性。四川內(nèi)江白馬項(xiàng)目1號(hào)機(jī)組承載著重型燃機(jī)國產(chǎn)化突破的重要使命。華電望亭發(fā)電廠二期燃機(jī)項(xiàng)目作為國家第一批燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展示范項(xiàng)目，其5號(hào)機(jī)組示范內(nèi)容為重型燃機(jī)核心熱部件國產(chǎn)化和控制系統(tǒng)自主化開發(fā)。創(chuàng)新技術(shù)應(yīng)用廣泛出現(xiàn)在這些新項(xiàng)目中。大唐惠州博羅燃?xì)鉄犭娐?lián)產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目實(shí)現(xiàn)了機(jī)組APS無斷點(diǎn)一鍵啟停，創(chuàng)建了國家檔案局電子檔案示范試點(diǎn)。華電惠州東江項(xiàng)目應(yīng)用首套國產(chǎn)化ICS系統(tǒng)，將5g、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、區(qū)塊鏈等技術(shù)高度集成，打造國內(nèi)具有標(biāo)桿意義的數(shù)字電廠。環(huán)保技術(shù)方面也有顯著進(jìn)步。大唐惠州博羅項(xiàng)目采用高效低氮燃燒器，正常運(yùn)行煙氣氮氧化物排放濃度僅15毫克/立方米。國家能源集團(tuán)北侖電廠9號(hào)機(jī)組首次在百萬千瓦機(jī)組上應(yīng)用了煙氣冷凝等多項(xiàng)技術(shù)，使得污染物排放下降了60%。

　　The gas-fired power generation projects that will be put into operation in 2025 show a clear trend of technological upgrading. Newly launched projects generally use large and efficient gas turbines, with F-class and H-class gas turbines becoming the absolute mainstay. The combined cycle efficiency of the unit has significantly improved. The combined cycle efficiency of H-class units has exceeded 64%, which is a significant improvement compared to earlier gas turbines. The Chuantou Luzhou natural gas power generation project adopts the world's advanced 9H level gas turbine, with a power generation efficiency of 63.7% under pure condensing conditions throughout the year. The improvement of localization level is another significant feature. Multiple projects emphasize the importance of breakthroughs in the localization of gas turbines. The No.1 unit of the Baima project in Neijiang, Sichuan carries the important mission of breaking through the localization of heavy-duty gas turbines. The Huadian Wangting Power Plant Phase II Gas Turbine Project, as one of the first national demonstration projects for innovative development of gas turbines, showcases the localization of core thermal components for heavy-duty gas turbines and the independent development of control systems for Unit 5. Innovative technologies are widely applied in these new projects. The Datang Huizhou Boluo Gas Cogeneration Project has achieved seamless one click start stop of unit APS and created a demonstration pilot for electronic archives of the National Archives Bureau. The Huadian Huizhou Dongjiang project has applied the first domestically produced ICS system, highly integrating technologies such as 5G, IoT, and blockchain to create a benchmark digital power plant in China. There has also been significant progress in environmental technology. The Datang Huizhou Boluo project adopts high-efficiency low nitrogen burners, and the normal operation of the flue gas nitrogen oxide emission concentration is only 15 milligrams per cubic meter. For the first time, Unit 9 of the Beilun Power Plant under the National Energy Group has applied multiple technologies such as flue gas condensation on a million kilowatt unit, resulting in a 60% reduction in pollutant emissions.

　　03 行業(yè)困境與應(yīng)對(duì)策略

　　03 Industry Challenges and Response Strategies

　　盡管燃?xì)獍l(fā)電項(xiàng)目遍地開花，但行業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)困境仍未得到有效解決。天然氣發(fā)電在中國面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是高燃料成本導(dǎo)致的發(fā)電成本居高不下。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，在各地發(fā)電用氣價(jià)格為2.2-2.7元/立方米的氣價(jià)水平下，典型地區(qū)燃?xì)怆姀S發(fā)電成本約為0.56-0.58元/千瓦時(shí)，其中燃料成本占比高達(dá)70%-75%。與水電、煤電、核電、風(fēng)電、光伏發(fā)電相比，氣電在價(jià)格上缺乏競爭性。廣東一位燃?xì)怆姀S內(nèi)部人士透露，2022年俄烏沖突發(fā)生后，天然氣價(jià)格一度漲到4元/立方米。彼時(shí)，飆升的LNG價(jià)格導(dǎo)致廣東許多燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組停產(chǎn)停運(yùn)。2022年，全省37家燃?xì)獍l(fā)電公司中只有兩家盈利。另一重?cái)D壓來自于利用小時(shí)數(shù)持續(xù)走低。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，近十年來，全國天然氣發(fā)電平均利用小時(shí)數(shù)維持在2500小時(shí)左右，與煤電機(jī)組的約4500小時(shí)相比有較大差距。這種差距使得燃?xì)獍l(fā)電項(xiàng)目的投資回報(bào)面臨嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。與美國相比，中國天然氣發(fā)電面臨高氣價(jià)和低利用小時(shí)數(shù)的雙重壓力。中國天然氣40%比例來自于進(jìn)口，天然氣價(jià)格長期偏高。同時(shí)，中國燃?xì)怆姀S的年利用小時(shí)數(shù)僅維持在2500小時(shí)左右，遠(yuǎn)低于美國同行的水平。美國聯(lián)合循環(huán)天然氣電廠的平均利用率從2008年的40%提高到了2022年的57%。為應(yīng)對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn)，多地正在探索價(jià)格機(jī)制改革。浙江采用了獨(dú)特的氣電定價(jià)模式：容量定價(jià)部分保障電廠收益，電量定價(jià)則與氣源價(jià)格聯(lián)動(dòng)。這種模式既保障了電廠的基本收益，又能夠反映燃料成本變化。

　　Despite the proliferation of gas-fired power generation projects, the industry's economic difficulties have not been effectively resolved. The biggest challenge facing natural gas power generation in China is the high fuel costs resulting in high electricity generation costs. According to statistics, at the gas price level of 2.2-2.7 yuan/cubic meter for power generation in various regions, the power generation cost of gas-fired power plants in typical areas is about 0.56-0.58 yuan/kWh, with fuel costs accounting for as much as 70% -75%. Compared with hydropower, coal-fired power, nuclear power, wind power, and photovoltaic power generation, gas-fired power lacks competitiveness in terms of price. An insider from a gas power plant in Guangdong said that after the Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2022, the price of natural gas once rose to 4 yuan/m3. At that time, the soaring LNG prices led to the shutdown of many gas-fired power generation units in Guangdong. In 2022, only two out of 37 gas power generation companies in the province will be profitable. Another squeeze comes from the continuous decrease in utilization hours. According to statistics, in the past decade, the average utilization hours of natural gas power generation in China have remained at around 2500 hours, which is significantly lower than the approximately 4500 hours of coal-fired power units. This gap poses a serious challenge to the investment return of gas-fired power generation projects. Compared with the United States, China's natural gas power generation faces dual pressures of high gas prices and low utilization hours. 40% of China's natural gas comes from imports, and natural gas prices have been consistently high. Meanwhile, the annual utilization hours of gas-fired power plants in China are only maintained at around 2500 hours, far below the level of their American counterparts. The average utilization rate of combined cycle natural gas power plants in the United States has increased from 40% in 2008 to 57% in 2022. To address these challenges, many regions are exploring price mechanism reforms. Zhejiang has adopted a unique pricing model for gas and electricity: capacity pricing partially guarantees power plant revenue, while electricity pricing is linked to gas source prices. This model not only ensures the basic income of the power plant, but also reflects changes in fuel costs.

　　04 戰(zhàn)略價(jià)值與前景展望

　　04 Strategic Value and Prospect Outlook

　　盡管面臨重重挑戰(zhàn)，燃?xì)獍l(fā)電在中國能源體系中仍具有不可替代的戰(zhàn)略價(jià)值，特別是在支撐可再生能源消納和保障電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定方面。燃?xì)獍l(fā)電的調(diào)峰能力是其最大優(yōu)勢。行業(yè)普遍認(rèn)為，燃?xì)獍l(fā)電能夠快速啟停，這使得它能夠在新能源發(fā)電出力不足時(shí)滿足電力調(diào)峰需求，氣電可作為支撐可再生能源消納的重要調(diào)節(jié)電源。2025年8月5日21時(shí)22分，四川電網(wǎng)最大用電負(fù)荷攀升至7418.6萬千瓦，今年入夏以來第四次刷新歷史紀(jì)錄。正值迎峰保電關(guān)鍵期，作為頂峰兜底的“主力軍”，四川已投運(yùn)的6座天然氣發(fā)電項(xiàng)目，正火力全開，全力發(fā)揮調(diào)峰作用，力保四川電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)安全。燃?xì)獍l(fā)電項(xiàng)目的密集投產(chǎn)，正帶動(dòng)天然氣消費(fèi)量顯著增長。據(jù)中石油經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)研究院預(yù)測，2025年，發(fā)電用氣將引領(lǐng)中國天然氣消費(fèi)增長，同比增長8.9%至720億立方米。2024年，我國氣電裝機(jī)新投產(chǎn)1899萬千瓦，同比多投產(chǎn)873萬千瓦，新投產(chǎn)裝機(jī)規(guī)模創(chuàng)歷年新高。2024年底，我國總裝機(jī)容量達(dá)1.4億千瓦，全年發(fā)電用氣量為661億立方米，增速為6.6%。預(yù)計(jì)2025年全國氣電新增裝機(jī)超2000萬千瓦，總裝機(jī)容量超1.6億千瓦。未來，中國新建天然氣發(fā)電項(xiàng)目應(yīng)該更加“因地制宜”。在用電需求高的區(qū)域，如江浙滬、廣東、北京等地，可大力發(fā)展H級(jí)和F級(jí)高效重型燃機(jī)及分布式燃機(jī)。有較強(qiáng)調(diào)峰需求的區(qū)域，西部北部氣源豐富、新能源發(fā)電較多的地區(qū)也可適當(dāng)布局調(diào)峰氣電。

　　Despite facing numerous challenges, gas-fired power generation still has irreplaceable strategic value in China's energy system, especially in supporting the consumption of renewable energy and ensuring the stability of the power system. The peak shaving capability of gas-fired power generation is its biggest advantage. The industry generally believes that gas-fired power generation can quickly start and stop, which enables it to meet the demand for power peak regulation when the output of new energy generation is insufficient. Gas electricity can serve as an important regulating power source to support the consumption of renewable energy. At 21:22 on August 5, 2025, the maximum electricity load of Sichuan power grid climbed to 74.186 million kilowatts, breaking the historical record for the fourth time since the beginning of summer this year. At the critical period of peak shaving and power supply, as the "main force" to ensure the stability and safety of the Sichuan power grid, the six natural gas power generation projects that have been put into operation in Sichuan are fully operational, fully exerting their peak shaving role and ensuring the smooth and safe operation of the Sichuan power grid. The intensive production of gas-fired power generation projects is driving a significant increase in natural gas consumption. According to the prediction of the China Petroleum Economic and Technological Research Institute, by 2025, gas consumption for power generation will lead the growth of natural gas consumption in China, with a year-on-year increase of 8.9% to 72 billion cubic meters. In 2024, China's newly installed gas and electricity capacity reached 18.99 million kilowatts, an increase of 8.73 million kilowatts compared to the same period last year, and the scale of newly installed capacity reached a new historical high. By the end of 2024, China's total installed capacity will reach 140 million kilowatts, and the annual gas consumption for power generation will be 66.1 billion cubic meters, with a growth rate of 6.6%. It is expected that by 2025, the newly installed capacity of gas and electricity in China will exceed 20 million kilowatts, and the total installed capacity will exceed 160 million kilowatts. In the future, new natural gas power generation projects in China should be more tailored to local conditions. In areas with high electricity demand, such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong, Beijing, etc., efforts can be made to develop H-class and F-class high-efficiency heavy-duty gas turbines and distributed gas turbines. Regions with strong demand for peak shaving, such as the western and northern regions with abundant gas sources and abundant new energy power generation, can also appropriately layout peak shaving gas and electricity.

　　川投瀘州天然氣發(fā)電項(xiàng)目全面建成投產(chǎn)后，每年可向社會(huì)提供約35億千瓦時(shí)清潔電力，相當(dāng)于每年可節(jié)約標(biāo)煤34.81萬噸，減少二氧化碳排放91.20萬噸。這些新建燃?xì)怆娬静粌H為電網(wǎng)注入強(qiáng)勁動(dòng)能，更悄然改變著中國能源結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　After the full completion and operation of the Chuantou Luzhou natural gas power generation project, it can provide about 3.5 billion kilowatt hours of clean electricity to the society every year, which is equivalent to saving 348100 tons of standard coal and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 912000 tons per year. These newly built gas-fired power stations not only inject strong momentum into the power grid, but also quietly change China's energy structure.

　　隨著年底浙江安吉等項(xiàng)目投產(chǎn)在即，燃?xì)獍l(fā)電這一“頂峰兜底”的能源支柱，正成為推動(dòng)中國能源轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵力量。未來，燃?xì)獍l(fā)電能否在中國能源體系中發(fā)揮應(yīng)有作用，不僅取決于技術(shù)進(jìn)步的腳步，更取決于能源政策與市場設(shè)計(jì)的智慧。

　　As projects such as Anji in Zhejiang are about to be put into operation at the end of the year, gas-fired power generation, which is the "peak and bottom" energy pillar, is becoming a key force in promoting China's energy transformation. In the future, whether gas-fired power generation can play its due role in China's energy system depends not only on the pace of technological progress, but also on the wisdom of energy policies and market design.

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